Re: GAS-L: NOx and Gasifiers

["Tom Miles" <tmiles@trmiles.com>]

Dr. Kelly,

Three gasifiers were installed in 1984-1986 by (the former) Combustion Power
at the Hyperion sewage treatment plant in Los Angeles County. The sewage
sludge was dried using light oil to displace the water in the "Carver
Greenfield" process. The resulting dried powder was pneumatically conveyed
into a bubbling fluidized bed. Gas was staged using partial oxidation in
three stages before final combustion. Input N was about 8% if I recall. NOx
was reduced from several thousand ppm to 25 ppm. The plant was dismanteled
after they couldnt get the drying process to work properly.

Michael F. Lewis and Roger Haug presented papers about it at AICHE meetings
at the time. I had copies of Mike's papers, some of which were deleted by a
virus a few months ago. If you have access to databases that include
professional societies try searching for Lewis, Hyperion or sewage sludge
gasification. Let me know if you find something. If you don't I may be able
to find Mike.

I got the following reference on a search:
Four Stage, Fluidized Bed Gasification Process Minimizes NOX
File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - View as HTML
... Page 1 FOUR STAGE, FLUIDIZED BED GASIFICATION PROCESS MINIMIZES NOX F.
Michael Lewis
Mechanical Process & Design Roger T. Haug Division Engineer Environmental
...
www.etis.net/balpyo/15icfbc/99-0205.PDF

The attached pdf contains part of a presentation that Mike and Dave Hoecke
(Enercon) presented at a conference on animal wastes in 1999. Dave has a
combustion company near Cleveland (Elyria). I think he is still Chairman of
an ASME Committee on Combustion Technologies. Please feel free to contact
Mike or Dave directly.

Regards,

Tom




----- Original Message -----
From: "Dr. Sue Kelly" <skelly@woodlandchemicals.com>
To: "Tom Miles" <tmiles@trmiles.com>
Cc: "gas" <gasification@crest.org>
Sent: Thursday, June 27, 2002 9:42 AM
Subject: Re: GAS-L: NOx and Gasifiers


> Dear Mr. Miles:
> Is the efficiency of the large scale sewage sludge system published?  If
so, can
> we get a copy of it easily?
> Thank you.
> Dr. Sue Kelly
>
> Tom Miles wrote:
>
> > Doug,
> >
> > One should not conclude that gasifiers do not make NOx. We measured NOx
from
> > the gasification of fuels with different nitrogen contents and found
that,
> > for a given system, NOx generation is proportional to N content.
> >
> > Comparisons of NOx reduction from gasification with staged combustion
and
> > flue gas recirculation with SNCR (selective non catalytic reduction
using
> > ammonia or urea) are welcome. To my knowledge, except for one large
scale
> > sewage sludge system, efficiencies of staged combustion and FGR
techniques
> > for high nitrogen fuels have not been published.
> >
> > Regards,
> >
> > Tom Miles
> >
> > ----- Original Message -----
> > From: "Graeme Williams" <graeme@powerlink.co.nz>
> > To: <gasification@crest.org>
> > Sent: Wednesday, June 26, 2002 1:43 AM
> > Subject: GAS-L: NOx and Gasifiers
> >
> > > Dear Colleagues,
> > >
> > > During the years that we have been playing with producer gas, both in
> > > engines for power generation and for process heat in timber kilns, at
no
> > > time has NOx been an emission problem.
> > >
> > > Although gasifier temperatures are high, it appears that it just
doesn't
> > > happen in this process although I suppose anything is possible given
> > certain
> > > conditions existing.
> > >
> > > The adiabatic flame temperature of clean producer gas ie tar free has
> > never
> > > exceeded 1100 degrees Celcius, in our experience, and in fact is one
of
> > the
> > > measures we use to check to see if tar is present in the gas stream.
> > >
> > > Hope this helps.
> > >
> > > Doug Williams
> > > FLUIDYNE GASIFICATION
> > >
> > >
> > > -
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> > >
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> > > www.webpan.com/BEF
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> > > http://www.crest.org/articles/static/1/1011975339_7.html Gasification
> > > http://www.crest.org/articles/static/1/1011975672_7.html Carbon
> > >
> > >
> >
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> >
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> > http://www.crest.org/articles/static/1/1011975339_7.html Gasification
> > http://www.crest.org/articles/static/1/1011975672_7.html Carbon
>
>
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>
> Gasification List Moderator:
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> Other Gasification Events and Information:
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> http://www.crest.org/articles/static/1/1010424940_7.html Bioenergy
> http://www.crest.org/articles/static/1/1011975339_7.html Gasification
> http://www.crest.org/articles/static/1/1011975672_7.html Carbon
>

an_waste.pdf

-
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Other Gasification Events and Information:
http://www.bioenergy2002.org
http://www.crest.org/articles/static/1/1010424940_7.html Bioenergy
http://www.crest.org/articles/static/1/1011975339_7.html Gasification
http://www.crest.org/articles/static/1/1011975672_7.html Carbon