² Eric Ingersoll, Building the Market for Renewable Energy in Massachusetts through Coordinated Public-Private Education Campaigns (Cambridge, MA: Lucid, Inc.), p. 6.
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³ The American Solar Energy Society (ASES) has 19 nonprofit chapters covering 30 states. The Interstate Renewable Energy Council (IREC) supports Photovoltaics for Utilities (PV4U) collaboratives in 14 states. The Utility Photovoltaic Group (UPVG), made up of 101 utilities interested in PV development in the utility industry, and the Energy Foundation support an advocacy network of public interest organizations and law firms working on energy issues in many areas of the country.
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⁴ Eric Ingersoll, Building the Market for Renewable Energy in Massachusetts through Coordinated Public-Private Education Campaigns (Cambridge, MA: Lucid, Inc., 1998), p. 10.
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⁵ The Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Clearinghouse (EREC) would be a good first point of contact through their toll-free number. A state energy office, solar center, or American Solar Energy Society (ASES) chapter would provide a more decentralized point of contact.
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⁶ Denis Hayes, A U.S. Government Purchase Program Would Lower Prices for Everyone, Recreating the Success of the Computer Revolution (San Francisco, CA: Energy Foundation, 1998).
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⁷ Federal Energy Management Program, FEMP Training Catalog, DOE/EE-0174 (Washington, DC: U.S Department of Energy, 1998).
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⁸ Joel Stronberg and Virinder Singh, "Government Procurement of Photovoltaics," Expanding Markets for Photovoltaics (Washington, D.C.: Renewable Energy Policy Project, 1998).
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⁹ The Interstate Renawable Energy Council (IREC) has published the Procurement Guide for Renewable Energy Systems: A Handbook for Government, 2nd ed.,(Latham, NY: IREC, 1997).
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¹⁰ William Guiney, Florida Solar Energy Center, Cocoa, FL, personal communication, July 1998.
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¹¹ Energy Star Homes Team, Energy Star Homes Update (Washington, DC: Environmental Protection Agency, July 1998), p. 8.
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¹² Ray Anderson, Chairman, Interface Sustainability Report (Atlanta, GA: Interface, Inc., 1997).
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¹³ Denis Hayes, A U.S. Government Purchase Program Would Lower Prices for Everyone, Recreating the Success of the Computer Revolution (San Francisco, CA: Energy Foundation, 1998).
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¹⁴ The Evolution of the World's Energy Systems (London: Shell International Limited, 1996).
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¹⁵ National Center for Educational Statistics, personal communication, Sept. 11, 1998.
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¹⁶ These might include National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) in Golden, Colo.; Florida Solar Energy Center in Cocoa, Fla.; Sandia National Laboratories in Albuquerque, N.M.; North Carolina Solar Center in Raleigh, N.C.; Southwest Technology Development Center in Las Cruces, N.M.; and at solar energy laboratories and appropriate technology programs at the following universities: Colorado State University, Appalachian State University, University of Florida, University of Wisconsin, University of Minnesota, and University of Massachusetts at Lowell.
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¹⁷ For more information on World Bank loans to the India Renewable Energy Development Authority (IREDA), see the Web site: solstice.crest.org/renewables/ireda/
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¹⁸ For further discussion of the use of a systems benefit charge (SBC), see Thomas J. Starrs and Vincent Schwent, "Government Buydowns for the Residential Market," Expanding Markets for Photovoltaics (Washington, D.C.: Renewable Energy Policy Project, 1998); for further discussion of portfolio standards, see Ray T. Williamson, "Renewable America: A Portfolio Approach to Developing Renewable Resources," Expanding Markets for Photovoltaics(Washington, D.C.: Renewable Energy Policy Project, 1998).
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¹⁹ Energy Information Administration, Electric Sales and Revenue 1995, DOE/EIA-0540(95) (Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Energy, December 1996).
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²⁰ Two additional areas are facilities maintenance personnel and the larger engineering community. Other professional areas that impact the use of PV in important ways are educators and policy-makers. These professions were included in the survey and policy makers ranked third overall while teachers ranked seventh. These professions are not included in the discussions that follow because they are dealt with elsewhere in this paper.
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²¹ Mark Fitzgerald, Mark Mrohs, and Jamie Mulky, Global Training Accreditation and Certification: Objective Standards of Professional Quality for PV Systems Design, Installation and Maintenance (Highlands Ranch, CO: Institute for Sustainable Power, 1997).
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²² Mark Fitzgerald, Mark Mrohs, and Jamie Mulky, Global Training Accreditation and Certification: Objective Standards of Professional Quality for PV Systems Design, Installation and Maintenance (Highlands Ranch, CO: Institute for Sustainable Power, 1997).
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²³ Courtesy of Marc Roper, Colorado Office of Energy Conservation, who has conducted surveys of the states' contractor licensing and training programs.
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²⁴ Chris Larsen, Henry Rogers, and Larry Shirley, National Summary Report on State Programs and Regulatory Policies for Renewable Energy (Raleigh, NC: North Carolina Solar Center and Interstate Renewable Energy Council, 1998).
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²⁵ Mark Fitzgerald, Mark Mrohs, and Jamie Mulky, Global Training Accreditation and Certification: Objective Standards of Professional Quality for PV Systems Design, Installation and Maintenance (Highlands Ranch, CO: Institute for Sustainable Power, 1997).
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²⁶ For more information on electrical apprenticeships, see the Web site: www.wa.gov/lni/ipub/i5000040.htm
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²⁷ It is encouraging to note that the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers (IBEW) and the National Electrical Contractors Association (NECA) have put together a course on PV systems through the National Training Institute (NTI) of the National Joint Apprenticeship and Training Committee (NJATC). The course, called Sunology, provides 20 hours of comprehensive classroom training in five days and graduates are presented with a trainer's package and accreditation which will enable them to return to their respective locals and initiate their own NJATC Sunology Orientation Certification program.
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²⁸ Ward Bower, presentation during the NCPV Program Review Meeting, Golden, CO, Sept. 11, 1998.
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²⁹ Generally speaking, there are two types of building inspectors: 1) public inspectors that come at the time of construction and 2) private inspectors that inspect homes and buildings at the time of sale. In most cases, PV installers will be dealing with city or county building inspectors.
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³⁰ Southface Energy Institute in Atlanta, Ga., is one example of organization providing such training.
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³¹ Energy Information Administration, Electric Sales and Revenue 1996, DOE/EIA-0540 (96) (Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Energy, December 1997).
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³² For more information about TEAM-UP projects with which the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) is involved, see the Web site: www.upvg.org/upvg/tugca1+2.htm
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³³ For more information on TEAM-UP, see the Web site: http://www.upvg.org/upvg/team_mn.htm
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³⁴ Christopher Flavin and Molly O'Meara, "Solar Power Markets Boom," World Watch 11, no. 5 (1998) 23-27.
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³⁵ For more information on federal mortgage lenders, see the Web site: .
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³⁶ Phil Overholt, Photovoltaics Program, U.S. Department of Energy, Washington, DC, personal communication, Sept. 3,1998.
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³⁷ For more information about this brochure, contact Steve Sargent of the U.S. Department of Energy's Denver Regional Support Office, 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, Colo. 80401, 303-275-4826.
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³⁸ Small systems are those of less than 10 kW peak output. Under the rules of the California PV buydown program, a minimum of 60% of program funds are reserved exclusively for small systems.
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³⁹ For a discussion of California's Emerging Renewables Buydown Program, see Vincent Schwent and Thomas J. Starrs, "Government Buydowns for the Residential Market," Expanding Markets for Photovoltaics (Washington, D.C.: Renewable Energy Policy Project, 1998).
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